From Comparing Codes to Understanding Meanings

Image credit from: “Thematic Analysis: A Step-by-Step Guide,” by S. McLeod, 2026, Simply Psychology (https://www.simplypsychology.org/thematic-analysis.html).

During this week, I practiced moving from CCA to thematic analysis. The CCA phase involved comparison of items of data and a decision on how this will fit together. I analyzed similarities and differences, checked for existing codes, and revised categories when not a good fit. Using thematic analysis, I started looking closely at the larger meaning behind those patterns. I retained the practice of comparing responses. However, the focus shifted; instead of sorting information, I explained what participants’ experiences had in common. The hardest part was understanding the difference between a topic and a theme. Words like “stress,” “technology,” and “support” describe what participants discussed, but they do not explain their experiences. Dr. Johnson made this clearer to me in this evenings session, so now I have a better understanding. A theme such as “Looking for reassurance when online learning feels lonely” says more about what those experiences mean. This was challenging because grouping similar comments felt easier than explaining the connection between them.

I came to realize that my perspective shapes the themes I develop, so I need to be conscious of the assumptions I bring to the data.

I was glad to discover this week’s work which connects nicely to my research interests around AI-supported cognitive behavioral strategies and mindfulness in online learning. Students may describe using AI to manage stress, plan assignments, or feel supported. I could examine the relationship between these three things rather than seeing them as isolated issues. This effectively centers the broader need for emotional support around the management of one’s school responsibilities.

What feels different is that I am stepping back from individual comments and looking at the bigger picture. I am asking, “What are these students telling me about their experiences?” At the same time, I want to make sure my themes reflect their words. In the future, I plan to make notes explaining my code and how my ideas change. My focus is to point to the individual experience and then to meaningful patterns without losing dimension.